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The current Mac Pro is available with one or two processors with options giving four, eight, or twelve cores. We have a full list of which Macs run which versions of Mac OS X and macOS here.Description The specifications below are from Apple's "tech specs" page or developer notes, except where noted.
macOS 12: Monterey (Star) – Octo(Latest: 12.6.3). macOS 11: Big Sur (GoldenGate) – Novem(Latest: 11.7.4).
OS X 10.9 Mavericks (Cabernet) – Octo(Latest: 10.9.5). OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion (Zinfandel) – J(Latest: 10.8.5). OS X 10.4.4 Tiger (Chardonnay) – Janu(for Intel Macs) (Latest: 10.4.11). OS X 10 beta: Kodiak – September 13, 2000. You’ll find a complete list of the latest release of each version of OS X and macOS, along version code names, along with internal code names (if available): Here’s an overview of every version of macOS and Mac OS X Apple has released.
List of macOS version names and latest versions